Bullhorn and Bullfighting Injuries

 I came across a study held by the European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, on the injuries sustained by people who have been in a bullfight. The investigation was carried out to "present (our) hospital experience with bullhorn injuries" (García-Marín et al, 2014). It is relatively recent, so I believe this information will be beneficial in understanding to extent of bullfighting injuries to people and therefore understand the danger of the sport in more depth. 

They used "A retrospective analysis of patients in our Trauma Registry (1993–2012)"(García-Marín et al, 2014), meaning the records should be reliable and detailed. They are also from a broad time period, which will give more evidence. They also explain that there were "15 patients included", (García-Marín et al, 2014), explaining the injuries they suffered:

  • The Injury Severity Score (ISS) and New Injury Severity Score were 13.6 ± 6 and 15.9 ± 9, respectively. Seven had an ISS > 15.
  • Injuries resulted from an isolated blunt trauma (BT) in four, penetrating trauma (PT) in seven, with extensive soft tissue injuries (STI) in three, and a combined BT + PT mechanism in four patients, with extensive STI in all. 
  • Three patients had injuries to vessels in the groin, two with prehospital vein ligation.
  • Five patients had abdominal visceral injuries, and another had a sheathed goring, with a traumatic abdominal wall hernia and retroperitoneal hematoma. 
  • Four patients had thoracic injuries, and one of them had a traumatic thoracoplasty with a large open thoracic wound, a flail chest, and extensive STI. 
  • Two patients had traumatic brain injury, and six had bone fractures. Two-thirds of patients required a surgical procedure under general anesthesia.
  • Morbidity included three surgical site infections, one leg compartment syndrome, and one persistent lymph drainage.
These specific injuries are helpful as they can be used as examples. I can now see the harmful and unethical treatment of bulls (as found in my last posts from animal rights groups), and also the dangers for people as well. It is important to understand the effects on all participants. 

Reference:

García-Marín, A., Turégano-Fuentes, F., Sánchez-Arteaga, A. et al. Bullhorn and bullfighting injuries. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 40, 687–691 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-014-0381-z

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